Figure of Speech
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| Figure of Speech |
A figure of speech is a phrase or word having different meaning than its literal meaning by identifying or conveys meanings one thing to another, which has connotation or meaning.
Table Of Content:
- Types of figure of speech:
- 1) Alliteration:
- 2) Repetition: पुनरावृत्ती
- 3) Personification : चेतनागुणोक्ती
- 4) Simile: उपमा अलंकार
- 5) Metaphor: रूपक अलंकार
- 6) Inversion: वाक्यात शब्दांची उलट सुलट रचना
- 7) Apostrophe: परोक्ष संबोधन
- 8) Onomatopoeia: ध्वनी अनुकरणीय
- 9) Hyperbole: अतिशयोक्ती अलंकार
- Figure of speech( 12th Std)
Types of figure of speech:
1) Alliteration:
When in a sentence there is repetition of the beginning sounds of neighbouring words, it is the use of Alliteration .
एखाद्या वाक्यात वेगवेगळ्या शब्दाच्या सुरुवातीला समान (सारखा) ध्वनी पुन्हा पुन्हा आलेला असेल तर तेथे Alliteration हा अलंकार असतो.
Ex .
1) Raju brings himself to the bank of bay.
2) She sells sea shells.
3) He holds his head high.
4) Nick needed new notebooks.
Textual Example:
1) Each day brings new beginnings.
2) Or travel down the darkened road.
3) Brings out the best in me.
4) That Im ight keeps my body clean.
5) And fit for life each day.
6) That life is lived its very best
7) with you walking next to me.
8) O moon, give me moonlight.
9) Basketful or two basket full.
2) Repetition: पुनरावृत्ती
When in a sentence same words are repeated, it is the use of Repetition.
एखाद्या वाक्यात जर एखादा शब्द पुन्हा पुन्हा आलेला असेल तर तेथे Repetition हा अलंकार असतो.
Ex
.
1) Rain, rain go away.
2)
देवा हो देवा, गणपती देवा.
Textual Example:
1) I know that I will see.
2) Light small, small moon of light.
3) Personification : चेतनागुणोक्ती
When in a sentence non-living (inanimate) things, animals, birds, plants, flowers, or ideas are given the human qualities or they are described as human being, it is the use of Personification .
एखाद्या वाक्यात जर निर्जीव वस्तू, मानवेतर प्राणी, वनस्पती, पक्षी, फुल, इत्यादींना मानवी गुण दिलेले असतात किंवा त्यांना मानवासारखे वागतांना दाखवलेले असते तेव्हा तेथे Personification असते.
Ex .1) The waves are singing a song.
2) Stars dance in the sky.
3) The flowers nodded.
4) The wind howled.
4) Simile: उपमा अलंकार
When in a sentence, a direct comparison is made between two objects of different kinds which have at least one object in common using ‘like’ or ‘as’ it the use of Simile .
एखाद्या वाक्यात जर वस्तू, व्यक्ती, प्राणी,इत्यादींची प्रत्यक्षरीत्या तुलना केलेली असते आणि त्यामधील एकमेव साम्य दाखवण्यासाठी ‘ like’ किंवा ‘as’ यांचा उपयोग केलेला असतो तेथे Simile असते.
Ex .1) Kashmir is like a heaven of India.
2) शिवाजी महाराज सिंहा सारखे होते.
5) Metaphor: रूपक अलंकार
When an indirect comparison is made in between two objects of different kinds which have at least one point in common, it is the use of Metaphor . There is no use of words ‘like’ or ‘as’.
एखाद्या वाक्यात जर दोन वस्तू, व्यक्ती, प्राणी इत्यादींची अप्रत्यक्ष तुलना केलेली असते आणि त्यामधील एकमेव साम्य दाखवण्यासाठी ‘ like’ किंवा ‘as’ यांचा वापर केलेला नसतो, तेव्हा तेथे Metaphor अलंकार असतो. .
Ex .1) Time is money.
2) The camel is the ship of the desert.
3) Heart of stone.
4) She is a night owl.
Textual Example:
1) I can choose to take the road of life.
6) Inversion: वाक्यात शब्दांची उलट सुलट रचना
When in a sentence words are not in correct order (S+V+O), it is the use of inversion .
जर दिलेल्या वाक्यात कर्ता+क्रियापद+कर्म अशी रचना न देता ती यमक जुळवण्यासाठी किंवा अन्य कारणासाठी वेगळी दिलेली असते. तेव्हा तेथे Inversion अलंकार असतो.
Ex .1) But don’t you quit.
Ans : But you don’t quit.
2) In vain is the world play
Ans : The world play is in vain.
Textual Example:
1) Decision, I must make.
Ans : I must make decision.
7) Apostrophe: परोक्ष संबोधन
When in a sentence a direct address is made to the dead, non-living object, plants, animals, birds, absent person, God etc. it is the use of Apostrophe.
जर दिलेल्या वाक्यात एखाद्या निर्जीव वस्तूला,मृत व्यक्तीला, वनस्पतींना मानवेतर प्राण्यांना, पक्ष्यांना अनुपस्थित व्यक्तीला देवाला उद्देशून विचार मांडलेले असतील तर तेथे Apostrophe अलंकार असतो.
Ex .1) O moon, give me moonlight.
2) O God, Save me.
3) ने मजशी ने परत मातृभूमीला, सागरा प्राण तळमळला.
Textual Example:
1) Please, open up my eyes, dear Lord.
2) Help, Lord, to just say ‘No’
3) Death! Where is the sting?
8) Onomatopoeia: ध्वनी अनुकरणीय
When in a sentence a word itself expresses sound, it is the use of Onomatopoeia.
जर दिलेल्या वाक्यात आवाज दर्शक शब्द वापरलेले असतील तर तेथे Onomatopoeia अलंकार असतो.
Ex . 1) झुक झुक झुक झुक आगीनगाडी
2) Meow, where’s my milk, cried the cat.
3) Click, click, she made a sound with her tongue to show her displeasure.
9) Hyperbole: अतिशयोक्ती अलंकार
When in a sentence a statement is made emphatic by overstatement or exaggeration, it is the use of Hyperbole.
जर दिलेल्या वाक्यात अतिशयोक्ती केलेली असेल तर तेथे Hyperbole हा अलंकार असतो.
Ex . 1) She wept a bucket full of tears.
2) I’ve told you hundred times.
3) दमडीच तेल आणले, त्यात सासुबाईंची अंघोळ झाली, उरलेले तेल सांडले ते वेशीपर्यंत वाहत गेले, त्यात उंट पोहून गेला
4) The king’s nose was three feet long!
5) I’m so tired. I could sleep a year.
6) Husain Bolt runs faster than a cheetah!
7) You have a million toys at your home.
Figure of speech( 12th Std)
A) Alliteration:
Ø
If you do not give in to
gossips and lies.(1.1)
Ø
If you crave not for
praise when you win.(1.1)
Ø
We went on our way and we
said good-bye.(2.1)
Ø
I didn’t realize how
harshly I’d spoken.(2.1)
Ø
God’s still small voice
came to me.(2.1)
Ø
Common courtesy you
use.(2.1)
Ø
She not to spoil the
surprise stood quietly.(2.1)
Ø She smiled.(2.1)
B) Antithesis:
If you do not get lowered in your own eyes, while you raise yourself in those of others.(1.1)
Ø If you have the will to live and courage to die.(1.1)
C) Metaphor:
Ø You are a beacon-light for people far and wide.(1.1)
D) Inversion:
Ø And after a set-back you offer no excuse.(1.1)
Ans: And you offer no excuse after a set-back.(1.1)
Ø The children you love, you seem to abuse.(2.1)
Ans: You seem to abuse the children you love.
D) Litotes:
Ø If you pledge not be obstinate any more.(1.1)
E) Repetition:
Ø
We went on our way and we
said good-bye.(2.1)
Ø
The children you love, you
seem to abuse.(2.1)
Ø Wake up, little girl, wake up.(2.1)
F) Simile:
They’re pretty like us.(Beauty of flower is compared with beauty of mother(2.1)
Types of figure of speech:
1) Alliteration:
When in a sentence there is repetition of the beginning sounds of neighbouring words, it is the use of Alliteration .
एखाद्या वाक्यात वेगवेगळ्या शब्दाच्या सुरुवातीला समान (सारखा) ध्वनी पुन्हा पुन्हा आलेला असेल तर तेथे Alliteration हा अलंकार असतो.
Ex .
1) Raju brings himself to the bank of bay.
2) She sells sea shells.
3) He holds his head high.
4) Nick needed new notebooks.
Textual Example:
1) Each day brings new beginnings.
2) Or travel down the darkened road.
3) Brings out the best in me.
4) That I might keeps my body clean.
5) And fit for life each day.
6) That life is lived its very best
7) with you walking next to me.
8) O moon, give me moonlight.
9) Basketful or two basket full.
2) Repetition: पुनरावृत्ती
When in a sentence same words are repeated, it is the use of Repetition.
एखाद्या वाक्यात जर एखादा शब्द पुन्हा पुन्हा आलेला असेल तर तेथे Repetition हा अलंकार असतो.
Ex
.
1) Rain, rain go away.
2)
देवा हो देवा, गणपती देवा.
Textual Example:
1) I know that I will see.
2) Light small, small moon of light.
3) Personification : चेतनागुणोक्ती
When in a sentence non-living (inanimate) things, animals, birds, plants, flowers, or ideas are given the human qualities or they are described as human being, it is the use of Personification .
एखाद्या वाक्यात जर निर्जीव वस्तू, मानवेतर प्राणी, वनस्पती, पक्षी, फुल, इत्यादींना मानवी गुण दिलेले असतात किंवा त्यांना मानवासारखे वागतांना दाखवलेले असते तेव्हा तेथे Personification असते.
Ex .1) The waves are singing a song.
2) Stars dance in the sky.
3) The flowers nodded.
4) The wind howled.
4) Simile: उपमा अलंकार
When in a sentence, a direct comparison is made between two objects of different kinds which have at least one object in common using ‘like’ or ‘as’ it the use of Simile .
एखाद्या वाक्यात जर वस्तू, व्यक्ती, प्राणी,इत्यादींची प्रत्यक्षरीत्या तुलना केलेली असते आणि त्यामधील एकमेव साम्य दाखवण्यासाठी ‘ like’ किंवा ‘as’ यांचा उपयोग केलेला असतो तेथे Simile असते.
Ex .1) Kashmir is like a heaven of India.
2) शिवाजी महाराज सिंहा सारखे होते.
5) Metaphor: रूपक अलंकार
When an indirect comparison is made in between two objects of different kinds which have at least one point in common, it is the use of Metaphor . There is no use of words ‘like’ or ‘as’.
एखाद्या वाक्यात जर दोन वस्तू, व्यक्ती, प्राणी इत्यादींची अप्रत्यक्ष तुलना केलेली असते आणि त्यामधील एकमेव साम्य दाखवण्यासाठी ‘ like’ किंवा ‘as’ यांचा वापर केलेला नसतो, तेव्हा तेथे Metaphor अलंकार असतो. .
Ex .1) Time is money.
2) The camel is the ship of the desert.
3) Heart of stone.
4) She is a night owl.
Textual Example:
1) I can choose to take the road of life.
6) Inversion: वाक्यात शब्दांची उलट सुलट रचना
When in a sentence words are not in correct order (S+V+O), it is the use of inversion .
जर दिलेल्या वाक्यात कर्ता+क्रियापद+कर्म अशी रचना न देता ती यमक जुळवण्यासाठी किंवा अन्य कारणासाठी वेगळी दिलेली असते. तेव्हा तेथे Inversion अलंकार असतो.
Ex .1) But don’t you quit.
Ans : But you don’t quit.
2) In vain is the world play
Ans : The world play is in vain.
Textual Example:
1) Decision, I must make.
Ans : I must make decision.
7) Apostrophe: परोक्ष संबोधन
When in a sentence a direct address is made to the dead, non-living object, plants, animals, birds, absent person, God etc. it is the use of Apostrophe.
जर दिलेल्या वाक्यात एखाद्या निर्जीव वस्तूला,मृत व्यक्तीला, वनस्पतींना मानवेतर प्राण्यांना, पक्ष्यांना अनुपस्थित व्यक्तीला देवाला उद्देशून विचार मांडलेले असतील तर तेथे Apostrophe अलंकार असतो.
Ex .1) O moon, give me moonlight.
2) O God, Save me.
3) ने मजशी ने परत मातृभूमीला, सागरा प्राण तळमळला.
Textual Example:
1) Please, open up my eyes, dear Lord.
2) Help, Lord, to just say ‘No’
3) Death! Where is the sting?
8) Onomatopoeia: ध्वनी अनुकरणीय
When in a sentence a word itself expresses sound, it is the use of Onomatopoeia.
जर दिलेल्या वाक्यात आवाज दर्शक शब्द वापरलेले असतील तर तेथे Onomatopoeia अलंकार असतो.
Ex . 1) झुक झुक झुक झुक आगीनगाडी
2) Meow, where’s my milk, cried the cat.
3) Click, click, she made a sound with her tongue to show her displeasure.
9) Hyperbole: अतिशयोक्ती अलंकार
When in a sentence a statement is made emphatic by overstatement or exaggeration, it is the use of Hyperbole.
जर दिलेल्या वाक्यात अतिशयोक्ती केलेली असेल तर तेथे Hyperbole हा अलंकार असतो.
Ex . 1) She wept a bucket full of tears.
2) I’ve told you hundred times.
3) दमडीच तेल आणले, त्यात सासुबाईंची अंघोळ झाली, उरलेले तेल सांडले ते वेशीपर्यंत वाहत गेले, त्यात उंट पोहून गेला
4) The king’s nose was three feet long!
5) I’m so tired. I could sleep a year.
6) Husain Bolt runs faster than a cheetah!
7) You have a million toys at your home.
Figure of speech( 12th Std)
A) Alliteration:
Ø
If you do not give in to
gossips and lies.(1.1)
Ø
If you crave not for
praise when you win.(1.1)
Ø
We went on our way and we
said good-bye.(2.1)
Ø
I didn’t realize how
harshly I’d spoken.(2.1)
Ø
God’s still small voice
came to me.(2.1)
Ø
Common courtesy you
use.(2.1)
Ø
She not to spoil the
surprise stood quietly.(2.1)
Ø She smiled.(2.1)
B) Antithesis:
If you do not get lowered in your own eyes, while you raise yourself in those of others.(1.1)
Ø If you have the will to live and courage to die.(1.1)
C) Metaphor:
Ø You are a beacon-light for people far and wide.(1.1)
D) Inversion:
Ø And after a set-back you offer no excuse.(1.1)
Ans: And you offer no excuse after a set-back.(1.1)
Ø The children you love, you seem to abuse.(2.1)
Ans: You seem to abuse the children you love.
D) Litotes:
Ø If you pledge not be obstinate any more.(1.1)
E) Repetition:
Ø
We went on our way and we
said good-bye.(2.1)
Ø
The children you love, you
seem to abuse.(2.1)
Ø Wake up, little girl, wake up.(2.1)
F) Simile:
They’re pretty like us.(Beauty of flower is compared with beauty of mother(2.1)
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